Bull FC, et al. World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour. Br J Sports Med. 2020;54:1451-62.(成人は主要な筋群を使う筋トレを週2日以上、65歳以上は機能的なバランスと筋力を重視した多要素な運動を週3日以上)
Csapo R, Alegre LM. Effects of resistance training with moderate vs heavy loads on muscle mass and strength in the elderly: a meta-analysis. Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2016;26:995-1006.(15試験・448人・平均67.8歳。約80%1RM と約45%1RM の比較で、回数をそろえると差は小さい)
Grgic J, et al. Effect of resistance training frequency on gains in muscular strength: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2018;48:1207-20.(22研究。総量をそろえると頻度の効果は有意でない。中高年では p=0.093)
Fragala MS, et al. Resistance training for older adults: position statement from the National Strength and Conditioning Association. J Strength Cond Res. 2019;33:2019-52.(初心者は1種目1セットから、息をこらえないことで血圧の上昇が抑えられる)
Borde R, et al. Dose-response relationships of resistance training in healthy old adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Sports Med. 2015;45:1693-720.(25試験。効果が最も大きかったのは50〜53週続けた研究。研究の質は低い)
Bickel CS, et al. Exercise dosing to retain resistance training adaptations in young and older adults. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2011;43:1177-87.(16週鍛えた後、32週休んでも筋力はほぼ保たれた)