Takusari E, et al. Trends in hip fracture incidence in Japan: 1992–2017. JBMR Plus. 2021;5:e10428.(2017年の大腿骨近位部骨折の推計は、約19万3千件)
Parkkari J, et al. Majority of hip fractures occur as a result of a fall and impact on the greater trochanter of the femur. Calcif Tissue Int. 1999;65:183-7. / 日本整形外科学会の骨粗鬆症委員会による、大腿骨近位部骨折の全国調査。
Sherrington C, et al. Exercise for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2019;1:CD012424.(108試験・23,407人。運動全体で転倒の頻度 23%減〔確実性 高〕、バランス・動作の練習 24%減〔高〕、複数の種類の組み合わせ 34%減〔中〕、太極拳 19%減〔低〕。筋トレだけ・ウォーキングだけの効果は不確か)
Montero-Odasso M, et al. World guidelines for falls prevention and management for older adults: a global initiative. Age Ageing. 2022;51:afac205.(バランスに挑む運動と機能的な運動〔座って立つ・踏み出す〕を週3回以上・12週以上、個別に強度を上げ、長く続ける〔推奨1A〕。転びやすい人は専門職の評価と指導。薬の見直しは多面的な対策の一部)
Campbell AJ, et al. Randomised controlled trial of a general practice programme of home based exercise to prevent falls in elderly women. BMJ. 1997;315:1065-9. / Liu-Ambrose T, et al. Effect of a home-based exercise program on subsequent falls among community-dwelling high-risk older adults after a fall. JAMA. 2019;321:2092-100.(家で行うオタゴ運動)
Clemson L, et al. Environmental interventions for preventing falls in older people living in the community. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2023;3:CD013258.(転びやすい人に絞った家の工夫では転倒が減ったが、対象を絞らない場合ははっきりしない)