Mitchell WK, et al. Sarcopenia, dynapenia, and the impact of advancing age on human skeletal muscle size and strength; a quantitative review. Front Physiol. 2012;3:260.(75歳前後で筋肉量は年0.6〜1%ほど、筋力は年2.5〜4%ほど減少)
Leong DP, et al. Prognostic value of grip strength: findings from the PURE study. Lancet. 2015;386:266-73.(17か国・約14万人。握力5kg低下ごとに総死亡リスク1.16倍。収縮期血圧より強い予測因子)/Newman AB, et al. Strength, but not muscle mass, is associated with mortality in the Health, Aging and Body Composition Study cohort. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2006;61:72-7.(70〜79歳 2,292人。死亡と強く関連したのは筋力で、筋肉の大きさではなかった)
Momma H, et al. Muscle-strengthening activities are associated with lower risk and mortality in major non-communicable diseases. Br J Sports Med. 2022;56:755-63.(16の研究のメタ解析。総死亡などが10〜17%低い関連。週30〜60分で最大。観察研究)
Fiatarone MA, et al. High-intensity strength training in nonagenarians. JAMA. 1990;263:3029-34.(平均90歳の10名。8週間で筋力が平均174%増加)